1 00:00:00,012 --> 00:00:07,172 Good afternoon. Welcome back to Energy 101, and we've 2 00:00:07,172 --> 00:00:16,858 been talking about, energy resources. the reason we've been talking about 3 00:00:16,858 --> 00:00:22,421 energy resources is, we need to back up, I want to back up and look at the big 4 00:00:22,421 --> 00:00:28,606 picture so we don't lose our perspective. Remember that the whole thing got started 5 00:00:28,606 --> 00:00:33,662 when we first started the course. Looking at energy use by society. 6 00:00:33,662 --> 00:00:39,847 Society wanted and due to the fact that you can't create energy out of nothing, 7 00:00:39,847 --> 00:00:45,726 we have to go find that energy due to natural laws of physics, that is, that 8 00:00:45,726 --> 00:00:50,679 exists in the natural form. So we've been looking at what those 9 00:00:50,679 --> 00:00:54,452 natural forms of energy are, that we utilize. 10 00:00:54,452 --> 00:01:00,685 And to supply the needs that society wants to keep their houses warm to drive 11 00:01:00,685 --> 00:01:06,554 their automobiles to provide lighting, to provide cooling in our homes and 12 00:01:06,554 --> 00:01:12,352 buildings, and to make our lives better. In society, an we as individuals are 13 00:01:12,352 --> 00:01:17,808 willing to pay a significant amount of money for that energy, but there has to 14 00:01:17,808 --> 00:01:23,684 be a tremendous infrastructure behind it, the energy flow in order to supply us 15 00:01:23,684 --> 00:01:27,722 with that energy. So we've been looking at the, where the 16 00:01:27,722 --> 00:01:33,074 energy comes from in its natural form. And we have looked at the hydrocarbon 17 00:01:33,074 --> 00:01:37,545 supplies, the nuclear energy supplies and the 18 00:01:37,545 --> 00:01:43,753 renewable energy supplies. And where they're all coming from 19 00:01:43,753 --> 00:01:50,289 This one shows the 2011 these numbers show the 2011 energy resources. 20 00:01:50,289 --> 00:01:56,976 And where, where they're coming from, 20% of them come, of our total energy 21 00:01:56,976 --> 00:02:01,242 supplies, comes from coal. 26% from oil, 36%. 22 00:02:01,242 --> 00:02:08,126 Some natural gas, nuclear's 9%. and renewables, biomass is five, hydros 23 00:02:08,126 --> 00:02:12,626 is three, hydro dams, hydroelectric dams is three percent. 24 00:02:12,626 --> 00:02:17,101 That, we don't expect that number to change significantly. 25 00:02:17,101 --> 00:02:22,838 it's due to all kinds of limitations, we dont expect Build anymore dams. 26 00:02:22,838 --> 00:02:28,957 where you can't get permitting and the environmental issues, people don't want 27 00:02:28,957 --> 00:02:32,742 to deal with. And so the hydroelectric situation, and 28 00:02:32,742 --> 00:02:37,772 the energy we're getting from the dams is pretty much a fixed situation. 29 00:02:37,772 --> 00:02:41,476 wind energy we're getting a little of 1% now. 30 00:02:41,476 --> 00:02:47,312 The thermal, which is the energy from the earth, and we drill down in the earth, 31 00:02:47,312 --> 00:02:52,615 and then we have solar energy. Notice that wind is about ten times as 32 00:02:52,615 --> 00:02:56,699 much as solar. Even though you here a lot about solar 33 00:02:56,699 --> 00:03:03,045 and we've had a lot of emphasis on solar, wind is still supplying ten times as much 34 00:03:03,045 --> 00:03:08,838 energy to our society as solar is. And that's because of the cost of solar. 35 00:03:08,838 --> 00:03:13,752 The cost of solar is significantly more than wind in general. 36 00:03:13,752 --> 00:03:18,906 And that's where the growth has occurred. We're still a general, a free 37 00:03:18,906 --> 00:03:24,552 enterprised, capitalistic system. And the cheapest solution that provides, 38 00:03:24,552 --> 00:03:29,195 in this case, renewable energy is the one that will be utilized. 39 00:03:29,195 --> 00:03:35,996 And this is generally when doors open. the solar's coming along and the cost is 40 00:03:35,996 --> 00:03:41,105 coming down. here's, it's shown, here's our energy 41 00:03:41,105 --> 00:03:49,584 resources shown as a pie chart, and we've already seen oil has about 39%, natural 42 00:03:49,584 --> 00:03:56,923 gas, and then coal, and then there's the hydro that I mentioned before at 3%, and 43 00:03:56,923 --> 00:04:03,949 nuclear's about 8 or 9%. biomass as I already mentioned is about 44 00:04:03,949 --> 00:04:09,595 3% in 2002. And, here wind in 2002 was about 0.1%, 45 00:04:09,595 --> 00:04:16,120 1/10 of one percent, which is, a small number for in 2002. 46 00:04:16,120 --> 00:04:20,994 Well, how did it change in 10 years, by the end of 2011. 47 00:04:20,994 --> 00:04:26,367 By the way, if I haven't mentioned it. I deal with 2011 because I like to look 48 00:04:26,367 --> 00:04:30,800 at whole year periods. When you start looking at monthly data, 49 00:04:30,800 --> 00:04:36,385 you get a lot of scattering of the data. And it's very difficult to make any hard 50 00:04:36,385 --> 00:04:41,683 conclusions from the monthly data. I like to compare year on year, so we'll 51 00:04:41,683 --> 00:04:45,777 be getting. The year, the data for 2012, from the 52 00:04:45,777 --> 00:04:51,677 EIA, the Energy Information Agency, sometime around March, or about the time 53 00:04:51,677 --> 00:04:56,557 this course concludes. But here is how, the pie chart looks, and 54 00:04:56,557 --> 00:05:02,182 you can compare it, one with the other. That's the 2002, this is the 2011. 55 00:05:02,182 --> 00:05:11,657 And 1 thing I wanted to point out, is that the numbers have changed slightly. 56 00:05:11,657 --> 00:05:17,814 And this show's where, how they've changed on a 1 to 1 basis. 57 00:05:17,814 --> 00:05:26,385 The blue bar right here, show;s how much has What percent we're getting from each 58 00:05:26,385 --> 00:05:31,268 resource. Coal, and our percentage from coal has 59 00:05:31,268 --> 00:05:35,611 gone down from about 23% or 24% to about 20%. 60 00:05:35,611 --> 00:05:39,841 so we are relying less as a percent on coal. 61 00:05:39,841 --> 00:05:46,908 And by the way, the total energy consumption in 2011 is about the same as 62 00:05:46,908 --> 00:05:50,527 2000. to decline to about, until about 2008, 63 00:05:50,527 --> 00:05:56,537 when the recession dropped it, and now it's climbed back to where it's about the 64 00:05:56,537 --> 00:06:00,722 same as 2002. So 2011 total energy consumption is about 65 00:06:00,722 --> 00:06:04,673 the same Of 2002. And this is showing the percent of that 66 00:06:04,673 --> 00:06:09,660 total energy consumption of the natural resources and where it comes from. 67 00:06:09,660 --> 00:06:14,278 You see natural gas is going up. Is going up about the same amount that 68 00:06:14,278 --> 00:06:17,957 coal has gone down. That's been good for global warning 69 00:06:17,957 --> 00:06:23,497 because natural gas power plants, which is primarily where it's gone And coal has 70 00:06:23,497 --> 00:06:28,542 been re, been reduced. Is it produces about half as much CO2 for 71 00:06:28,542 --> 00:06:32,127 each unit of electricity produced as coal does. 72 00:06:32,127 --> 00:06:38,243 And that's due to the difference in the molecule being a CH4 for natural gas and 73 00:06:38,243 --> 00:06:43,168 coal being all carbon. Oil, you can see the percentage for oil 74 00:06:43,168 --> 00:06:49,615 has gone down slightly, and this is due to more efficient automobiles over the 10 75 00:06:49,615 --> 00:06:53,428 years. And even though we are driving more miles 76 00:06:53,428 --> 00:06:57,517 and there's also we changed our driving patterns. 77 00:06:57,517 --> 00:07:01,082 Nuclear's about the same from 2002 to 2011. 78 00:07:01,082 --> 00:07:07,070 Biomass has actually gone up, as you can see here, because there's more incentive 79 00:07:07,070 --> 00:07:12,100 now with economics and the, and there's more goverment incentives. 80 00:07:12,100 --> 00:07:16,712 Hydro is about the same, and wind you can see was insignificant. 81 00:07:16,712 --> 00:07:24,353 in 2002, it was down around a 10th of a percent, whereas now, it's, as I showed 82 00:07:24,353 --> 00:07:29,071 you, about 1.2%. Geothermal, you can see is very small and 83 00:07:29,071 --> 00:07:33,816 solar is very small. I put these out here to show How much 84 00:07:33,816 --> 00:07:36,881 their im, they impact, our total energy consumption. 85 00:07:36,881 --> 00:07:41,262 So though, we've heard a lot about solar, and we've put a lot of emphasis on it 86 00:07:41,262 --> 00:07:45,630 there's a lot of research and development going on, there's a lot of effort to 87 00:07:45,630 --> 00:07:52,112 drive costs down, it's still is, pretty much an insignificant, cont, making an 88 00:07:52,112 --> 00:07:58,132 insignificant contribution to our total energy picture about as far as how much 89 00:07:58,132 --> 00:08:03,537 it impacts our oil consumption and our, Natural gas consumption and coal 90 00:08:03,537 --> 00:08:08,202 consumption and nuclear consumption. But you gotta start somewhere. 91 00:08:08,202 --> 00:08:12,852 And even though the amount of wind has gone up a factor of 10, and the solar 92 00:08:12,852 --> 00:08:17,777 about the same it's still a small fraction, very small percentage around 1% 93 00:08:17,777 --> 00:08:24,329 or less, both wind and solar each. for of, where we get our energy resources 94 00:08:24,329 --> 00:08:28,339 from. So that's, that co, that recaps, the 95 00:08:28,339 --> 00:08:35,629 energy resources that we, have and are, an we currently are getting our energy 96 00:08:35,629 --> 00:08:39,420 from. And now, We'll look from here forward at 97 00:08:39,420 --> 00:08:44,908 things like the conversion of this raw form of energy, be it wind or solar. 98 00:08:44,908 --> 00:08:50,637 Into a form that we want and can use it. And that will, because it will see that 99 00:08:50,637 --> 00:08:56,465 there's some limitatioins regarding how we convert it, how much we can convert 100 00:08:56,465 --> 00:09:01,513 it, the efficiency in which we can convert it and the cost that we can 101 00:09:01,513 --> 00:09:07,823 convert it. Okay, thanks for your attention, bye.