Hello. We're, this is Energy 101.
We're looking at the third module which is going to look at resources energy
resources. we talk, in the first section, about the
energy needs for society and why we need them and where we're at, use them and now
we're going to talk about where that energy comes from.
so we're going to talk about the natural energy sources that we currently use in
order to, supply the needs that we have. so, we specifically talked about the
energy needed for buildings. For manufacturing goods and for
transportation and, by the way one thing I may not have mentioned in
manufacturing, that includes manufacturing of, of food.
farming and the energy required to produce the, the food that we require for
nutrition. is under the manufacturing sector.
But we're going to look at the sources today, find out where they're coming
from. Not in the future, not in the so much in
the past, although we'll look at that briefly.
but mainly where, where we getting this energy from.
right now we are getting the har-, most of it from hydrocarbon supplies.
Coal we're getting 20% from. 20% of our total energy used comes from
coal. coal is our second oldest form of energy
base. Wood was primarily the first falling
under biomass and, but coal was, came into high demand in the, in the 1800's
and the steam engines that were used. And then we had oil.
Oil, of course, came about with, with the advent of the automobile primarily.
Oil demand started being, Increasing and the simultaneous
development of oil supply and the automobile went together, 1 fit in the
other. And then 36% of our energy supplies come
from natural gas. That's of the total energy supply.
We'll see that overall in a few minutes. But uranium nuclear.
They, accounts for about 9%. so we're up to about 46 and 36 of that
adjective. About 80% that supplies almost 80
something percent of our total energy supply.
when we look at the renewable resources that we're getting today.
Not the future but today biomass is the biggest one or, just for example, wood.
Wood is a primary biomass. We use a lot of wood waste and wood
resources, for instance paper plants, pulp plants, pulpwood plants that uses
pulpwood and then has a wood waste that is burned to create their own energy.
So, we use a lot of, lot of wood. But we're also using a lot of corn and to
produce ethanol that's mixed with gasoline.
We're using 30 to 40% of our Corn, national production in the US to produce
ethanol. 30 or 40%, a big chunk of it.
And of course we're in a situation there of competing for between food resource
for corn and energy resource for For corn.
So that's a conundrum that, cellulosic ethanol that we'll cover later in the
course could resolve. But, biomass supplies in the primary form
of wood and corn, plus there's some others, is about 5% of our total energy
supplies that we use. Dams, hydro-dams, water dams.
as a renewable resource. Of course the biomass by the way is
renewable also because we grow corn every year.
And we grow wood every year. And and harvest it and then we grow some,
grow again for another year before you harvest it.
And in the case of wood, you General let it grow for about seven years.
But, the hydro is all renewable. hydro you let water fall from on top of
the mountains down to the valley. And in the process you put it through a,
a Hydro-electric generator that's it converts the energy stored in that
elevation, the water being at some high elevation, converts it into electricity.
And but it's recycled. The water then in the ocean and the lakes
down at sea level is evaporated and lifts up into the clouds.
And the clouds drift by wind over the mountains and then it rains in the
mountains and Pumps the, the water from sea level back up to the top of the
mountains where we can use it again to flow down through the dams and co, again
generating electricity. Wind, wind is seen, is seen a real big
increase of late in the last several years.
And it's1.2%, we hear a lot about wind and we hear a lot about solar.
You can see down below, solar's less than 2/10 of a percent, and wind is about 1.2
percent, so we're getting about six times, more than six times as much energy
from wind than we are from solar energy. geothermal is using the hot Earth far
under ground. In some cases you drill a hole in the
ground and you get hot steam coming up. But there, you're getting about, you're
getting actually more energy from geothermal, the hot under
Gram, than we are from solar at the current time.
So, one of the reasons for this is solar is very expensive, geothermal is not as
expensive, wind's a little cheaper. So this, this list basically follows the
economics. we get more energy from those that are
more economical or cheaper, and less energy from those that are more
expensive. And.
end user consumption that dollars for 'em.
so if you look at this in a pie chart, you can get a better visual Of what all
these percentages are and how they compare.
You start with the cold which is about 20% in the blue upon the upper right hand
corner and then you move down to the red, natural gas is about 26%.
And then you Move around to oil which is 36%.
Notice oil is the largest consumer. the the, not the consumer, the largest
supply that we have. And, essentially, most of that oil goes
to transportation. We'll look at where this energy goes
later on. But all energy is not created equal so to
speak. Both in value, for instance.
Oil costs about five times more right now per unit of energy than natural gas and
coal. So was very expensive relative to natural
gas and coal. So any place you would be using natural
gas and coal, and displace oil, we pretty well have done it.
then nuclear is, 9%, of'course that's our nuclear power plants, and then you have
the biomass that we mentioned, primarily wood and ethanol, of
Up in the light blue. And then hydroelectric plants is about
3%, wind then is about 1.2%. Then you have geothermal, a very narrow
sliver you can barely see is a quarter of a percent and then solar is the smallest
sliver there that's vertically upward. So those are our energy sources, and
That that's where we get our natural energy from that occurs on a on the
earths surface and we can usually extract from the earth be it wind or coal and
utalize it to satisfy our socities energy needs.
Thank you.