Index

Affro-Arts Theater, 7

African American folklore, 34-35

African American politics, 2

All-African Revolutionary Party, 116

Allah, renaming black males and, 22

Allen, Robert L., 12, 94

Ail-Night Visitors (Major), 11, 71, 72-78, 89-90, 91-92

Althusser, Louis, on ideology, 4, 122 nn.13-15

Anderson, Benedict: Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism, 121 n.3; on nationalism, 1, 121 n.3

Andrews, Malachi: Black Language, 101-2; Psychoblackology: Science of Black Movement, Sports, Dance, Soul, 95

And Then We Heard Thunder (Killens), 103

"The Anti-Semanticist" (Hoagland), 88

arts organizations, 7-8, 122-23 n.22

"Asian Black Nation," 21-22

Austin, J. L., 102, 135 n.38

authority, masculine, 55

Awkward, Michael, 8-9, 115

Baker, Houston, Jr., 5, 137 n.6 Baldwin, David: association with Elijah Muhammad, 19; essays and fiction about, 17-20, 125 nn.18-19; paternal authority and, 19-21; relationship with his son, 36; religion, 18; white supremacy and, 18 Baldwin, James, 2, 79, 117; Black Power ideology and, 13; commentary on Andre Gide, 23, 125 n.31; on death, 38;

dissent from the Nation of Islam, 25; "Down at the Cross: Letter from a Region in My Mind," 16-17; The Fire Next Time, 16, 25-26; on freedom, 26; on gender ideologies, 14-15, 17; "Gide as Homosexual and Husband," 23; Go Tell It on the Mountain, 23-24, 32; homosexuality and, 15, 29-30; identity politics, 27; If Beak Street Could Talk, 32, 39; "Letter from a Region in My Mind," 14, 16; masculine alliance with the new political order, 27-35; on masculine authority, 13-39; masculinity and, 29, 126 n.50; Elijah Muhammad and, 14; model of emancipatory selfhood, 25-26, 125-26 n.39; Muslim movement and, 21; as "Negro Leader," 16, 124 n.ll; No Name in the Street, 30, 31; patriarchal authority, 17-27; phallocentrism and, 31-32; political agenda, 15, 16-17, 124 nn. 7, 8-16; relationship with his father, 36; "Stagolee," 34; Tell Me How Long the Train Has Been Gone, 15, 35-39, 127 nn.72-77; tension between Nation of Islam and, 14; writings prior to 1964, 14-15

Baraka, Amiri, 11, 74; BlackFire, 100; "Black People," 102-3; "Black Woman," 99-100; on erotics of nationalism, 85; In Our Terribleness, 100; on linguistic rituals, 96-97; on nationalist language theory, 99-100; The Slave, 86; violence against white women and, 74

Beavers, Herman, 9, 123 n.31

Bell, Bernard, 70-71, 79; on phallocenh i< eroticism, 77; on satire, 97

I lo Index

Bennett, I lal, 2, 11; The Black Wine, 79;

Lord of Dark Places, 1 1, 68, 78, 79, 92-93; Seventh Heaven, 78; on sexual ideologies, 68, 78-86

Bennett, Lerone, 11, 75

Black Arts movement, 79, 117, 130 n.51

Black Arts Publication, 7

Black Arts Repertory Theatre/School, 7

Black Dialogue, 7, 69

black eros, 87-91

Black Fire (Baraka), 100

Black Language (Andrews and Owens), 101

Black Liberation Front, 118-19

black men: black communal subjugation, 27; masculinity, 23, 54; patriarchy, 130 n.55; renaming, 22; sexual autonomy and authority, 11; sexuality, 67-93

Black Muslims, 16, 124 n. 16

black nationalism, 5-7, 85, 96; history of black oppression, 42; logic of, 17; Clarence Major and, 69; model of identity, 75-76; segregation, 43

black oppression, origins of, 56-57

Black Panther Party, 3, 36, 41, 55, 94; advocacy of violence, 44, 128 n. 11; association with the "Messiah," 47; James Baldwin and, 13-14, 123-24 n.3; communal life, 25; defense of, 31; downfall, 54; leadership, 47; masculinist political consciousness and, 56-58, 130 n.49; Nation of Islam and, 10; patriarchal nationalism, 15; police brutality and, 46; resurgence, 41; revolutionary ideology, 43-44; "Ten Point Program," 31, 126 n.61; as victims of American government, 63

"Black People" (Baraka), 102-3 Black Power: ideology, 79-80; solidarity with advocates, 30, 126 n.55; Michelle Wallace and, 67-68. See also Bennett, Hal Black Power movement, 1-2, 4-5, 121 n.8; cultural politics, 94-95; homosexuality and, 31; James Baldwin and, 13; legacy of, 114-20 Black Power nationalism, 1, 8 Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America (Carmichael and Hamilton), 2, 69 black radicalism, 32-33; Eldridge Cleaver

on, 45 The Black Scholar, 97-98, 134 n.15 Black Skin, White Masks (Fanon), 45-46

Black iinoi \ Revolutionary Adventure Store

(Wesley), 5 I 55

The Black Wine (Bennett), 79

"Black Woman" (Baraka), 99-100 black women: authors, 117; in the civil

rights movement, 35; Angela Davis's

observation, 2, 121 n.8; life possibilities

of, 23-24 Black World, 98

"blk rhetoric" (Sanchez), 95-96 Boone, Joseph, 8-9, 123 n.27 Breadloaf Writer's Conference (1966), 78 Broadside Press, 7, 99 Broadside Series, 7

Brothers and Keepers (Wideman), 64-65 Brown, Cecil, The Life and Loves of Mr.

Jiveass Nigger, 8 Brown, H. Rap, 46, 48 Brown, Wendy, 119 Bullins, Ed, 8, 123 n.24 Butler, Judith, 102

Calling the Wind: Twentieth Century African-American Short Stories (Major), 70

Campbell, James, 16

Carmichael, Stokely, 36; black politics and, 27-28; Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America, 2, 69; "A Letter to Americans," 29

Chauncey, George, 30, 126 nn.53-54

Christian, Barbara, 116-17

civil rights movement: activism, 13-14; attacks on civil rights workers, 28; backlash against, 28; black women and, 35; supporters, 23

Clark, John Henrik, 98

Cleaver, Eldridge, 45, 80; on black radicalism, 45; homophobic commentary, 10; on masculine consciousness, 57; masculinist homophobia and, 83; "Notes on a Native Son," 29, 126 n.50; renegade Black Panthers and, 44, 128 n.16; revolutionary nationalism, 48; sexual violence and, 73-74; Soul on Ice, 1, 48, 56-57, 121 n.7; Tell Me How Long the Train Has Been Gone, 10; 'To All Black Women from All Black Men," 48-49

Clegg, Claude, III, 22

Cobbs, Price, 73

Cold War, 119-20

Coleman, James, Blackness and Modernism:

In.I.

///, / it, /,// v < >>'•< > >'i /"i", i man

ii

< loleman, [amei W on erotli i«-i national

ism, 7 I

(,<>iiiane,John, h

< omedy, 7

Coming Together: Black Fowtl While Halted

and Sexual Hangups (I lernton), 87-88 The Confessions of Nat Turner (Styron), 67 (iongress of Racial Equality, 2, 16-17, 116 (!()RE. See Congress of Racial Equality The Cotillion, or One Good Bull Is Half the Herd (Killens), 12, 96, 97-98, 109-10 The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual (Cruse), 98 (Iruse, Harold, The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual, 98 culture: history and, 9; literary, 118;

nationalism and, 8, 94-95, 109-13, 123 n.25; of television, 104

Damballah (Wideman), 64-65 Davidson, N. R., El Hajj Malik, New Plays

from the Black Theatre, 121 n.l Davis, Angela, 53, 118-19 Davis, Ossie: "Eulogy," 121 nn.4-5; performance, 1, 121 n.2 "Dead Black Men and Other Fallout from

the American Dream" (Wideman),

63-64 The Death of Malcolm X, New Plays from the

Black Theatre (Jones), 121 n.l Delany, Martin, 5 Dem (Kelly), 8

Derrida, Jacques, 102, 135 n.37 dialogic, 51, 129 n.34 Dickson-Carr, Darryl, 79 Don't Cry Scream (Madhubuti), 100-101 "Down at the Cross: Letter from a Region

in My Mind" (Baldwin), 16-17 drama. See names of authors and titles of

works Dubey, Madhu, 99, 116-17 Du Bois, W. E. B., centennial celebration,

29 Dworkin, Andrea, 77-78

El Hajj Malik, New Plays from the Black Theatre

(Davidson), 121 n.l Ellison, Ralph, 9 emancipation, 5; James Baldwin's model

of, 25-26, 125-26 n.39

rrotlcl "> 90 male, 11

i ui«.i',\ <i»i\Is), i"i "ii i 5

Fabre, Michel, 17, 121 25 n 17 Fanon, Frantz, 10, 42; Black Shin, w>

Masks, 45-46; The Wretched of the 1

45,47,51 Farmer, James, 2, 122 n.10 Farred, Grant, 1 19 Fatheralong (Wideman), 64-65 female sexuality, 96-97 feminism, 96-97; Elijah Muliamm.H

24; nationalism through sexual Ii

6; Nation of Islam on, 22

and, 11, 15; violence and, 71. See

masculinity; women The Fire Next Time (Baldwi i i ), 10, 16 Fisk University, 98 folklore, African American, 34-35 for colored girls who have eon side ted sit

when the rainbow is mu/(Shange) For Malcolm: Poems on the Life and th>

of Malcolm X (Davidson), 121 n.l Frakes,James R., on cultural n;ui<m

109 freedom, James Baldwin on, 26 Freedom Riders, 17 Freedomways, 29 Fukayama, Francis, 119-20 Fuller, Hoyt, on cultural nationalist: Fuss, Diana, 49

The Garden Thrives: Twentieth Centry

American Poetry (Major), 70 Garvey, Marcus, patriarchal authoi i Gates, Henry Louis, Jr., 5, 115, 137 Gayle, Addison, 97; on cultural n.it i<

109, 134 n.ll; The Way of the New

The Black Novel in America, 109-1 gender ideologies, 9, 14—15; Janus B

and, 17; distinctions, 23; inequit

politics of, 24 Get on the Bus (Lee), 116 Gibson, Donald B., 99 Giddings, Paula, on masculinity, 1 1 Gide, Andre, James Baldwin's comm

23, 125 n.31 "Gide as Homosexual and Husbani

(Baldwin), 23, 125 n.31 Gilroy, Paul, 119

142 Index

Go Tell It on the Mountain (Baldwin),

23-24, 32 Greenlee, Sam, The Spook Who Sat beside the

Door, 8 Grier, William, 73 guerrilla warfare, 54-55 Guevara, Che, 42 Gunning, Sandra, 46; on sexualization of

nationalism, 72

Hall, Stuart, 119; on masculinity, 3, 122 n.12 Hamilton, Charles V., 67; Black Power: The

Politics of Liberation in America, 2, 69 Hansberry, Lorraine, 23 "Hard Rock Returns to Prison from the

Hospital for the Criminal Insane"

(Knight), 55-56 Harlem Renaissance, 7 Harlem Writers Guild, 97, 98 Harper, Phillip Brian, 5, 122 n.19 Harris, Luke Charles, 115 Harris, Trudier, 46

Henderson, Stephen, 8, 123 nn. 23, 26 Hernton, Calvin, 11, 67, 116-17; on black

eros, 87; Coming Together: Black Power

White Hatred and Sexual Hangups, 87-88;

on white nationalism, 67 Hicks, Granville, 9 Higginbotham, A. Leon, 115 Hilliard, David, 44 Hoagland, Everett, "The Anti-Semanticist,"

88 Holt, Grace, on performative language,

101-2 homoerotics, 11, 73; James Baldwin and,

38; death and, 38; incestuous love and,

83. See also Major, Clarence homophobia, Eldridge Cleaver and, 83 homosexuality: James Baldwin and, 10,

15, 29-30; Black Power movement and,

31, 126 n.60; Eldrige Cleaver and, 10;

Darryl Dickson-Carr and, 82-83; gay

male subjectivity, 37; latent, 85 hooks, bell, on male nationalists, 2,

121-22 n.8 Howe, Irving, 9 Hue and Cry: Short Stories (McPherson), 6,

9, 122 n.20

ideologies: Black Power, 79-80; masculinist, 114-20; sexual, 68-79, 71

Ideology, ISO ti.49; bbu k nationalist, 56-37; of Black Power, 28, SI; definition, 4, 19,

125 n.21; effects of, 7; gender, 9; Stuarl Hall on, 3; masculinist, 3, 39; use of the novel to disseminate, 7, 122 n.21; John Wideman on, 63-66

The Ideology of Black Revolution (Stanford), 48

IfBeale Street Could Talk (Baldwin), 32, 39

"In Living Color: The New American Dream" (Major), 70,92

In Our Terribleness (Baraka), 100

Jackson, George, 45, 47

jazz, 8

Jeffords, Susan, 77-78; The Remasculinization

of America: Gender and the Vietnam War,

77-78 Jews, James Baldwin and, 18 Jihad Press, 7 Jim Crow, 72, 80 John Edgar Wideman: Reclaiming the African

Personality (Mbalia), 41 Jones, Gayl, 117 Jones, LeRoi, The Death of Malcolm X, New

Plays from the Black Theatre, 121 n.l Jordan, Jennifer, on Haki Madhubuti,

100-101, 134-35 n.28 journals, black-owned, 7 Journal of Black Poetry, 7, 69

Karenga, Ron, 12, 95, 99-100, 114, 123 n.32; on cultural nationalism, 110; US organization and masculinity, 3

Kelley, William Melvin, 79; Dem, 8

Kennedy, Robert, 23

Kgositsile, K. William, on nationalist theatre, 2-3

Killensjohn Oliver, 2, 67, 117; The Cotillion, or One Good Bull Is Half the Herd, 12, 96, 97-98, 109-10; on nationalist identity politics, 12; political anxieties, 96; on satire, 97, 104, 135-36 nn.47-48; 'Sippi, 103; And Then We Heart Thunder, 103

King, Martin Luther, Jr.: assassination, 28; influence in the South, 17, 124 n.l5

King, Rodney, 40, 64

Knight, Etheridge, 42, 55-56; "Hard Rock Returns to Prison from the Hospital for the Criminal Insane," 55-56

Ku Klux Klan, 44

I in I. 148

i .i< .in. |.i< quel, th< <>i \ ..i ii.......i-.i i

i

language: agency of, 102; linguist!* rituall, 96 97; <»n nationalist language theory, 99-KM); performatives and, 98-99

Lebeau, Vicky, 49

Lee, Don L. See Madhubuti, Haki

Lee, Spike, Get on the Bus, 116

Left: black American, 43; concession to

capitalism, 94; counterculture, 38;

global fracturing, 43; ideology, 71;

"old" agenda, 98 Lester, Julius: on performative nationalism,

104, 136 n.48; on radicalism of the

1960s, 13, 123 n.l "Letter from a Region in My Mind"

(Baldwin), 14, 16 "A Letter to Americans" (Carmichael), 29 Levine, Lawrence, 34-35 The Life and Loves ofMr.Jiveass Nigger

(Brown), 8 Lincoln, C. Eric, 24 literature: ideology and, 10; after World

War II, 7 A Lonely Rage (Seale), 31 Lord of Dark Places (Bennett), 11, 68, 78,

79, 92-93 Lovejoy, Yoruba, The Cotillion, or One Good

Bull Is Half the Herd, 96 The Lynchers (Wideman), 10-11, 41, 42,

49-53, 59-63

Mackinnon, Catherine, 77-78

Madhubuti, Haki (Don L. Lee), 12; Don't Cry Scream, 100-101; on linguistic rituals, 96-97; "Malcolm Spoke," 95; "A Poem for Negro Intellectuals," 100-101

Major, Clarence, 11, 70, 117; All-Night Visitors, 11, 68, 71, 72-78, 89-90, 91-92; on black nationalism, 69; Calling the Wind: Twentieth Century African-American Short Stories, 2, 70; The Garden Thrives: Twentieth Century African-American Poetry, 70; "In Living Color: The New American Dream," 70, 92; "Malcolm, the Martyr," 70; The New Black Poetry, 69; on sexual ideologies, 68, 69-78; "The Tender Wrinkle between Her Eyebrows," 89

"Malcolmania," 40

"Malcolm/Man Don't Live Here Anymore" (Sanchez), 121 n.l

"Malcolm Spoke" (Madhubmi), 95 Mali <>im the Martyi (Majoi ), 70 Malcolm X, 59; death of, I, 7o;Kii<i for, 121 n.l; "Malcolmania," 40; patriarchal

authority, 25; split with the Nation of

Islam, 15 Mao Tse-tung, 10, 42 March on Washington (1963), 28 Marxism, 43 Marxist organizations, 3 Marxists, 94 masculinity: affirmation of, 31; James

Baldwin and, 29, 126 n.50; black manhood, 23; Black Panther Party and, 58;

consciousness, 57-58; identity, 1, 2;

ideology of, 3, 39, 122 n.12; legacies,

114-20; manhood and, 15, 124 n.6;

reclamation of manhood, 58; the study

of, 5; entitlement, 23 master/slave dyad, 5 Mbalia, Doreatha, John Edgar Wideman:

Reclaiming the African Personality, 41 McBride, Dwight, 84-85 McDowell, Deborah, 118 McPherson, James Alan, 2, 79; audience

reception, 9; Hue and Cry: Short Stories,

6, 9, 122 n.20, 123 n.30; "Of Kings and

Cabbages," 6, 122 n.20 Michaels, Walter Benn, The Shape of the

Signifies 119-20 middle-class ideology, white, 5 Million Man March (1995), 65, 130-31

n.60; influence of, 114-17 Morrison, Toni, 117 Muhammad, Elijah, 99-100; ambivalence

toward, 21; David Baldwin and, 19;

James Baldwin and, 4, 15; disciples, 20;

female autonomy and sexuality, 24; love

shown by subjects, 20; nationalism, 21 Muhammad, Fard, 21

NAACP. See National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

narcissism, 91

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 44, 116

nationalism, 53-56; American, 79-80; Benedict Anderson's observation, 1, 121 n.3; autonomy, 67; criticism of, 109-13; cultural, 109-13; evolution of, 39; literature and, 10-11; manhood and, 53-56,

Ill Index

129 n.43; Elijah Muhammad's, 21;

patriarchal, 10; revolutionary, 10; sexualized, 67-93; twentieth-century, 36; white American, 4, 11, 95

Nation of Islam (NOI), 75, 99-100, 114, 116; James Baldwin's dissent from, 25; James Baldwin's reservations about, 38; Black Panther Party and, 10; ideology, 14; Malcolm X and, 15; model of masculine selfhood, 3; Elijah Muhammad and, 19, 125 nn.22-23; patriarchal politics, 15; philosophy and daily habits of, 22; popularity in the early 1960s, 13-14; role of women, 22-23; tension between James Baldwin and, 14

Negro Digest/Black World, 7

Newark riot (1967), 103

The New Black Poetry (Major), 69

New Day in Babylon (Van Deburg), 94

New Lafayette Theatre, 54

New Left Notes, 70

New Literary History, 119

Newton, Huey P., 39, 42, 45, 46, 94; on masculine consciousness, 57-58; patriarchal authority, 25; Revolutionary Suicide, 47-48; on sex and violence, 75; use of male subject in symbolic terms, 53-54

New Yorker, 16, 124 n.9

New York Times, 33, 75

NOI. See Nation of Islam

No Name in the Street (Baldwin), 30, 31

"Notes on a Native Son" (Cleaver), 29, 126 n.50

novel: ideology and, 7, 122 n.21; patriarchal nationalism and, 10-11

Oakland Panthers, 44

"Of Kings and Cabbages" (McPherson), 6,

122 n.20 Owens, Paul T., Black Language, 101-2

Parker, Charlie, 8

parody, 7

patriarchy, 130 n.55; in the black family,

4-5; Black Panther Party and, 15;

ideology, 14; meaning of, 15, 124 n.5;

nationalism, 10; paternal authority

and James Baldwin, 19-21; tyranny of

paternal authority, 24 Pentecostal church, 18-19, 125 n.21

perfbi matives, 98-102; language and, 98-99, 101-2, 135 n.82; satire and,

102-9

phallocentrism, 11, 68, 90; James Baldwin and, 31-32; Bernard Bell and, 77; identity and, 84; Robyn Wiegman and, 50. See also Bennett, Hal; Major, Clarence

Philadelphia Fire (Wideman), 64-65

Playboy, 79

"A Poem for Negro Intellectuals" (Madhubuti), 100-101

poetry, 7, 99, 134 n.19. See also language; performatives

police brutality, Black Panther Party and, 46

politics: consciousness, 53; cultural, 94-95; cynicism and, 103-4; New Left counterculture, 38; patriarchal, 15; sexuality and, 67

Promise Keepers, 65

Protestant religion, sexual taboos and, 34

Psychoblackology: Science of Black Movement, Sports, Dance, Soul (Andrews), 95

PUSH, 116

racial identity, 1

racial solidarity, 2

radicalism, international, 42

RAM. See Revolutionary Action Movement

(RAM) Randall, Dudley, 99 Reed, Adolph, 40, 115 Reed, Ishmael, 71, 79, 115, 117 Reid-Pharr, Robert, 5, 84-85, 115-16, 122

nn.16-18 The Remasculinization of America: Gender and

the Vietnam War (Jeffords), 77-78 Republic of New Africa, 12 Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM),

3, 10, 41, 43, 44, 48, 55 revolutionary nationalism, 10; All-African

Revolutionary Party, 116; Eldridge

Cleaver on, 48; ideology, 43-44. See also

Revolutionary Action Movement Revolutionary Suicide (Newton), 47-48 Riley, Clayton, 75 Robeson, Paul, 98 Royster, Philip, 117

sadism, 7

Sanchez, Sonia, 12; "blk rhetoric," 95-96;

I...I. I I',

M.ii<olm Man i><>■•< Livi Hen \m more," 121 n I

latire, 7; oi Bernard Bell, 97; of fohn (>ii\< i Killens, 97; pei i«>i mativity and, L02-9; Jonathan Swift and, IL0

Scale, Bobby, 33-34, 46; A Lonely Rage, 34

Scale, M;ilik Nkrumah Stagolee, 34

Seventh Heaven (Bennett), 78

sexuality: dystopian, 92-93; female, 96-97; male control of, 24; nationalism and white women, 6; policing of women's, 24; politicization, 67, 74-75; reproduction and, 34; of white women, 11; of women, 15

sexual liberation, 91-93

sexual violence, 73-74, 77

Shange, Ntozake, 117; for colored girls who have considered suicide when the rainbow is enuf 117

The Shape of the Signifier (Michaels), 119-20

Simmons, Ron, 85

'Sippi (Killens), 103

The Slave (Baraka), 86

SNCC. See Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee

Sons of Darkness, Sons of Light (Williams), 8

Soulbook, 69

Soul on Ice (Cleaver), 1, 48, 56-57, 121 n.7

Spillers, Hortense, 119

Spirit House, 7

The Spook Who Sat by the Door (Greenlee), 8

Spriggs, Ed, 69

"Stagolee" (Baldwin), 34

Stanford, Max, 43, 48, 55; The Ideology of Black Revolution, 48

Stewart, James T., 102

Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 27-28, 118-19

Styron, William, The Confessions of Nat Turner, 67

Sweet Sweetbaack's Baadasssss Song (Van Peebles), 53, 74-75

Swift, Jonathan, on satire, 110

Tell Me How Long the Train Has Been Gone (Baldwin), 10, 15, 35-39, 127 nn.72-77

"The Tender Wrinkle between Her Eyebrows" (Major), 89

"Ten Point Program" (Black Panther Party), 31, 126 n.61

/,,/,, i / iu i.n v Supplt in,ni. 79

To \n Blu i Women from All Black Men"

(Cleaver), 48 19 Tribe ol Shabazz," 125 Turbee, Florence, 103

United States, racial struggle in, 4-5 Urban League, 116

US, 95, 99-100; black political emancipation, 12; masculinity and, 3

Van Deburg, William L., 94; New Day in

Babylon, 94 Van Leer, David, on the Black Power

movement, 13, 123 n.2 Van Peebles, Melvin, 80; Sweet Sweetback's

Baadasssss Song, 53, 74—75 violence: phallic, 77-78; politicization,

74-75; ritual, 47

Walcott, Ronald, 78

Walker, Alice, 117

Wallace, Michelle, 53, 115; on Black Power, 67-68

Watkins, Mel, 117, 118

Watts Repertory Theatre, 7

The Way of the New World: The Black Novel in America (Gayle), 109-10

Wesley, Richard, Black Terror: A Revolutionary Adventure Story, 54-55

Wesley, Robert, 42

white men, resistance against authority, 48

white nationalism, 11; corruption, 21; Calvin Hernton and, 67; masculinist, 46-47

white supremacy, 2-3, 12, 82; American nationalism and, 95; David Baldwin and, 18; maintenance, 46; tyranny of, 27

white women: nationalism through sexual liaisons with, 6; sexual conquest, 11; violence against, 74

Wideman, Jake, 64

Wideman, John Edgar, 2, 40-66; Brothers and Keepers, 64-65; Damballah, 64—65; "Dead Black Men and Other Fallout from the American Dream," 40, 63-64; Fatheralong, 64-65; The Lynchers, 10-11, 41, 42, 49-53, 59-63; on masculine ideologies, 63-66; Philadelphia Fire, 64-65

Wideman, Robby, 64, 65

Wiegman, Robyn, 46

Williams, John A., 79; radicalism, 43-44; Sons of Darkness, Sons of Light, 8

Williams, Robert, 10, 43, 48

women: male control of female autonomy, 24; policing of sexuality, 24; political participation, 9; role of women in the Nation of Islam, 22-23; sexuality, 15, 96-97; social autonomy, 23; subjugation, 9; subordination of, 24, 33, 48, 55;

traditional domination of, 77-78. S$t also feminism

World War II, literature after, 7

The Wretched of the Earth (Fanon), 45, 47,

51 Wright, Charles, 79

2izek, Slavoj, 76

Zook, Kristal Brent, 115